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S1419 Cultural Conservation in the Holy Land

Bar Or Amnon

The role of preserving the built cultural heritage, which is not included in the disciplines of archaeology, is a relatively new practice in Israel.

The regulation concerning directives to preserve the built cultural heritage passed only in 1984.

Preservation of intangible heritage is one of the basic tenets of the Jewish culture and religion throughout history, but the attitude towards preservation of built heritage is entirely different matter.
This attitude stems from a number of different historical and cultural factors connected with the narrative and history of the Jewish people in the Diaspora and in Palestine. But the main complexity derives from the need to preserve built heritage of other cultures that co-exist in political conflicts with the State of Israel and its Institutions.

These conflicts are strongly manifested in the process of preserving communal memories through the preservation of built heritage in manners and forms that are unique to the political and cultural situation in The Holy Land (Israel / Palestine).

The course will focus on conflicted issues in preservation in light of the struggles for the hegemony and collective memory of various cultural societies of different ethnic and religious background.

 

 

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The role of preserving the build cultural heritage, which is not included in the disciplines of archaeology, is a relatively new practice in Israel.

 

The regulation concerning directives to preserve the built cultural heritage passed only in 1984.

 

Preservation of intangible heritage is one of the basic tenets of the Jewish culture and religion throughout history, but the attitude towards preservation of built heritage is entirely different matter.

This attitude stems from a number of different historical and cultural factors connected with the narrative and history of the Jewish people in the Diaspora and in Palestine. But the main complexity derives from the need to preserve built heritage of other cultures that co-exist in political conflicts with the State of Israel and its Institutions.

 

These conflicts are strongly manifested in the process of preserving communal memories through the preservation of built heritage in manners and forms that are unique to the political and cultural situation in The Holly Land (Israel / Palestine).

 

The course will focus on conflicted issues in preservation in light of the struggles for the hegemony and collective memory of various cultural societies of different ethnic and religious background.

 

List of Topic lessons:

 

Date:               Week 1- Introduction: The different naratives of the Arab-Palestinian society and the Jewish-Zionist society in Palestine.History of the conflict.

Readings

Baramki, D. 1969. Palestine Liberation Organization, Research Center. "The art and architecture of ancient Palestine:  a survey of the archaeology of Palestine from the earliest times to the Ottoman conquest"

 

Khalidi, W. 1992. Washington DC: Institute for Palestinian Studies, "All that Remains: The Palestinian Villages Occupied and Depopulated by Israel  in 1948"

 

LeVine, M. 2004. (in: Haim Yacobi, ed.) "Planning to Conquer: Modernity and its Antinomies in the New-Old Jaffa"

 

Bertand Monk, D. 2002. Durham North Carolina: Duke UP, "Architecture and the Palestine Conflict"

Benvenist, M. 2000. (Berkeley, Los Angeles & London: University of California Press) "Sacred Landscape: The Buried History of the Holy Land since 1948"

 

Jawad Salih, A. ; Mustafá, W. 1987. (Jerusalem Center for Development Studies).                      "Palestine: The Collective Destruction of Palestinian Villages and Zionist Colonization, 1882-1982"

 

Jukiletho, J. 1999. (Butterworth-Heinemann Publishers, in association with ICCROM, Bath Press, Great Britain) "A History of Architectural Conservation"

Slyomvics, S. 1998. (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press)"The Object of Memory: Arab and Jew Narrate the Palestinian Village"

Shafir, G. 1989. (Cambridge). "Land, Labor and the Origins of the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict 1882-1914"

Porath, Y.1975.(Jerusalem) "The political Awakening of the Palestinian Arabs and Their Leadership Towards the End of the Ottoman Period". In Studies on Palestine During the Ottoman Period

 

Shamir, S. 1975. (Jerusalem). "The Impact of Western Ideas on Traditional Society in Ottoman Palestine", in Studies on Palestine During the Ottoman Period

Bar-Zohar, M. 1994. (Israel). "Ben Gurion, The Man Behind the Legend"

 

Khalidi, W. 1991. (Washington D.C.). "Before  Their Diaspora: A Photographic History of the Palestinians 1876-1948"

Said, E.W. 1978. (USA). "Orientalism"

 

Date:               Week 2: Conservation issues in the Arab Islamic world.

Readings

Stanley Price, N. Kirby Talley Jr, M. and Melucco Vaccaro, A. 1996. (Editors. Getty Conservation Institute), "Historical and Philosophical Issues in the Conservation of Cultural Heritage".

 

 Jukiletho, J. 1999. (Butterworth-Heinemann Publishers, in association with ICCROM, Bath   Press, Great Britain) "A History of Architectural Conservation"

 

 

 

 

Date:               Week 3: The British concepts for conservation in the Holy Land. 

Readings

Peleg, A.  2003. "City of Collision: Jerusalem and the Principles of Conflict Urbanism"

 

Murry, J. 1921. (London. Ashbee, C.R, Editor) "Jerusalem 1918-1920, Being the Records of the Pro-Jerusalem council during the period of the British Military Administration"

 

Ashbee, C.R. 1923.  "A Palestinian Notebook 1918-19F23"

 

Murry, J. 1924. (Ashbee, C.R, Editor). "Jerusalem 1920-1922, Being the Records of the Pro-Jerusalem council during the period of the Civil Administration"

 

Beck, H. 1985. "VIA International Architect"(edition # 9).

 

Ratner, Y. 1933. (Palestine & Middle East Economic Magazine, Issues #: 7- 8) 

"Architecture in Palestine".

 

Date:               Week 4: Conservation in Israel 1948 - 1980.

Readings

Levin, M. 2005. Milan & New York: Skira & Rizzoli, "Modern Architecture in Israel: East or West?"

 

Yacobi, H. 2004. London: Ashgate. "Constructing a Sense of Place: Architecture and the Zionist Discourse"

 

Meishar, N. 2004. (in: Haim Yacobi, ed.) "Fragile Guardians: Nature Reserves and forests Facing Arab Villages"

 

Benvenist, M. 2000. (Berkeley, Los Angeles & London: University of California Press) "Sacred Landscape: The Buried History of the Holy Land since 1948"

 

Cohen, E. 1970. (Jerusalem: Institute of Urban and Regional Studies, The Hebrew University), 

"Urban Studies 1: The City in the Zionist Ideology"

 

Nitzan-Shiftan, A. 2002. (PhD Dissertation, MIT), "Israelizing Jerusalem: The Encounter between Architectural and National Ideologies, 1967-1977"

Morris, B. 1987. "The Birth of the Palestinian Refugee Problem, 1947-1949"

Carmon, N. 1993. "Neighborhood Rehabilitation: Three Generations of a Policy and its Exaples in the Neighborhoods", in Social Processes and Public Policy in Tel Aviv-Yaffo (Vol.2)

 

Achuzat Hachof LTD. 1966. "Manshiah Shore Development: Avant Project"

 

Tel Aviv-Jaffa Municipality.(Official Document).1998. "Rehabilitation & Renewal in Jaffa: Policy Formation & the Means for its Manifestation"

 

Yoskovich, B. 1993. "Planning Tel Aviv-Jaffa: Past, Present & Lessons for the Future", in: Social Processes & Public Policy in Tel Aviv-Jaffa (Vol.2)

 

Date:               Week 5: Conservation and Political Administration in Israel.

Israel Nature and Parks Authority, Internet Web-site:

 

http://www.parks.org.il/parks/ParksAndReserves/Pages/default.aspx#

 

Menachem, G & Shapiro, S. 1992. "Politics, Bureaucracy & Public Collaboration in Neighborhood Rehabilitation Projects – The case of Adjami"

 

Date:               Week 6: Conservation today in the Palestinian Authority.

Readings

RIWAQ Publications

Riwaq – Center for Architectural conservation

Ramalla, Palestine

www.riwaq.org

 

Date:              Week 7: Social cultural matters in conservation issues in Israel (from the 1980')

Readings

Nitzan-Shiftan, A. 2002. (PhD Dissertation, MIT), "Israelizing Jerusalem: The Encounter between Architectural and National Ideologies, 1967-1977"

 

Slymovics, S. 1993. "Discourses on the Pre- 1948 Palestinian Village: The Case of Ein-Hod / Ein-Houd. Traditional Dwellings and Settlements Review"

 

Horwitz, A.1954. "The Master Plan for Tel Aviv-Jaffa", in Journal of the American Institute of Planners

 

Khalidi, R. 1988. "The Arab Economy in Israel: The Dynamics of a Region's Development"

 

Carmon, N. 1993. "Urban Renewal: Three Policy Generations & Its Manifestation in Tel-Aviv-Jaffa's Neighborhoods", in Social Processes & Public Policy in Tel Aviv-Jaffa (Vol.2)

 

Ram, U. 2009. "Ways of Forgetting: Israel and the Obliterated Memory of the Palestinian Nakba" in Journal of Historical Sociology (September 2009, Vol. 22, Issue 3, pp. 366–395)

 

 

Date:              Week 8: Conservation in other societies in conflict.

Readings

Jukiletho, J. 1999. (Butterworth-Heinemann Publishers, in association with ICCROM, Bath Press, Great Britain) "A History of Architectural Conservation"

 

Kadhim, M.B. 1989. (Liverpool University Press). "Amman and Urban Conservation: An Overview ", in Third World Planning Review (Volume 11, Number 3)

 

Liscombe, R.W. 2006. "Independence: Otto Koenigsberger and modernist urban resettlement in India",  in Planning Perspectives 21.2, pp.157-178.

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Osterman, J. E. &  De Jong, J. 2007. "Cultural issues and trauma.", in Handbook of PTSD: Science and practice, pp. 425-446.

Date:              Week 9: Architectural and Trauma in Israel society.

Readings

www.amnon-baror.co.il

The 'Bimkom' foundation - http://eng.bimkom.org/

'Zochrot' - http://zochrot.org/en

 

Witztum, E. & Kotler, M. 2000.  "Historical and cultural construction on PTSD in Israel."                      in International handbook of human response to trauma (pp. 103-114)

 

Romberg, O. R., & Lichtenstein, H. 1998. (Tribune Verlag). "From vision to reality: 50 years of Israel"

 

 

Kaplan, M, & Sartre, J.P .1988. "THE TRAUMA OF PALESTINE: TWO URBAN MODELS OF RESETTLEMENT." in Proceedings of the ACSA annual meeting. (Vol.4. Association of Collegiate Schools of Architecture)

 

 

Egoz,S. & Merhav, R. 2009. "Ruins, ideology and the Other in the landscape: the case of Zippori National Park, Israel." In Journal of Landscape Architecture 4.2 pp.56-69

 

Azaryahu, M.1996. "The spontaneous formation of memorial space. The case of Kikar Rabin, Tel Aviv.", in Area, pp. 501-513.

 

Weizman, E. 2012.(Verso). "Hollow land: Israel's architecture of occupation"

 

Weizman, E. 2006 "The Architecture of Ariel Sharon."

 

 

Egoz,S. & Merhav. 2009. "Ruins, ideology and the Other in the landscape: the case of Zippori National Park, Israel", in Journal of Landscape Architecture 4.2 pp.56-69

 

Feuerverger, G. 2001 (RoutledgeFalmer) "Oasis of dreams: Teaching and learning peace in a Jewish-Palestinian village in Israel"

 

Kaplan, M & Sartre, J.P. 1988. "THE TRAUMA OF PALESTINE: TWO URBAN MODELS OF RESETTLEMENT.", in Proceedings of the ACSA annual meeting. (Vol. 4. Association of Collegiate Schools of Architecture)

 

 

Date:             Week 10: Test Cases of Israeli urban conservation.

Readings

www.amnon-baror.co.il – website is under construction

 

Maruani,T. Amit-Cohen, I 2009. "PROTECTION OF RIPARIAN LANDSCAPES IN ISRAEL",                          in Environment Research Journal

 

 

Date:              Week 11: Test Cases of Israeli  Architectural Conservation.

Readings

www.amnon-baror.co.il – website is under construction

 

Fuchs, R. 1998. "The Palestinian Arab House Reconsidered, Part 2: Domestic Architecture in the Nineteenth Century", in Katedra, #90.

 Golzari, N & Sharif ,Y. 2011. "Reclaiming space and identity: heritage-led regeneration in Palestine" in The Journal of Architecture (Special Issue: Architecture and conflict. Vol. 16, Issue 1, pp. 121-144)

Wijesuriya, G. 2003. (New-Delhi). "Restoring destroyed historic sites"

Jokilehto, J.2002. (Architectural Press) "A history of architectural conservation".

Lissovsky , N. 2012. "National parks in the service of nation building: the pioneering work of Lipa Yahalom and Dan Zur in Israel" in Studies in the History of Gardens & Designed Landscapes: An International Quarterly (Vol. 32, Issue 2)

 

 

 

 

 

Date:              Week 12: Test Cases of Israeli